Emperor Qianlong and Xi Jinping

Xi Jinping on the cover of the EconomistMaybe you’ve seen the cover of this week’s Economist (left), featuring President Xi Jinping’s head (and some party props) skilfully photo-shopped on emperor Qianlong’s body. The “1793 party” refers to emperor Qianlong’s attitude towards foreign (British) visitors during his Qing-dynasty rule. Leaving aside the question of how this comparison is relevant to the point made in the article (I couldn’t really see it, but see for yourself and read the article here), it certainly makes for interesting visuals. I couldn’t help but finding the original image of Emperor Qianlong (see below). I personally really like these images of emperors, and would love to have a collection of them in my living room. The Qianlong portrait also brought me to the webpage of the Beijing Palace Museum (北京故宫博物馆), where you can browse their collection online, read about current and future exhibitions, and check out the curator’s favorite pieces. It’s a good resource for visual materials about Chinese art, painting, calligraphy, and ceramics. But nothing beats going there yourself, of course!

Qianlong Emperor

The Economist cover struck a chord with me for another reason. As it happened, I had just assigned the article on Emperor Qianlong for the forthcoming Berkshire Dictionary of Chinese Biography, that day. Part of my job as Project Coordinator is identifying and contacting possible authors. It is great to be in touch with so many scholars from around the world, and it is definitely a part of my job that I very much enjoy. But it can also be one of the harder (and more frustrating) ones, as you sometimes get stuck in a “loop of recommendation.” Professor A is to busy to write and recommends either Professor B, or Professor C. But Professor B hasn’t done research on this figure for so long, that he also suggest we contact recently promoted Professor C. Professor C, however, doesn’t feel confident enough, and suggest we contact expert in the field Professor A. And then you’re back where you started. As it turned out, finding authors for articles on emperors proved to be especially challenging. All the more reason I was very excited to have Emperor Qianlong assigned. At least we can include him, alongside 120 other figures from Chinese history (from the very beginning to 1976), in the Berkshire Dictionary of Chinese Biography. Articles will also be available on ChinaConnectU, with many online extras, including teaching materials, timelines, full-color images, additional articles, regular updates, bibliographies, and more. Stay tuned!

How Learning (to Teach) Chinese Never Ends

In the last two days I found two interesting emails in my inbox. They struck a chord with me 1. because they have something to do with China and Chinese, and 2. because they deal with learning (and teaching) a language. Having just moved to Germany and taking German language classes at the moment, I am again reminded of the process, difficulties, and victories that come with learning a foreign language. I don’t consciously remember learning English, starting at the age of 9 or 10, but although I communicate most of my day in (more or less correct) English, I am still constantly reminded of my status as a non-native speaker. Whether that is a gentle comment from my colleague the English-major (yes, talking to you Bill :) ) that I once again messed up the use of sent vs. send, or reading a novel, like Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom (recommended, and somehow reminding me at times of the Berkshire Encyclopedia of Sustainability), where every other page I come across a word that I have never seen or heard in my life. All I can say is, there’s always room for improvement.

Spelling Wall of Shame

My spelling wall of shame

When I started to learn Chinese in college, and now as I’m trying to master German (a language not too far removed from my native Dutch), I am much more aware of what it takes to learn a foreign language. The need of constant practice and repetition in order to learn new words and phrases, the power of immersion, and the frustration of losing your ability to speak the language if you don’t keep up with it. At the times when I’m confronted with the deteriorating level of my own Chinese because I don’t use it enough, and the slow progress of my German because I still live and work in an English-language environment, I am jealous of anybody who was raised bi-lingual, or the primary school kids that learn Chinese from a very early age. I fully believe that learning a second (or third) language at a young age is the best time to do so, and a skill that will help you throughout your life and career. And, perhaps the only thing we have in common, the state of Utah agrees with me. This article from the New York Times shows how more and more schools in Utah are offering immersion classes, using a foreign language to teach different subjects, and how more and more students (and parents) are taking advantage of this opportunity.

One aspect of the increased interest in foreign-language education at all school levels, is finding enough qualified teachers. Pedagogical theories and practices are constantly changing, teachers need to keep up their own language proficiency, and the societies that speak the (foreign) language are not standing still either. In other words, there is a constant need for professional development and training to help teachers stay on top of their game. This morning I received an email about this summer program in Shanghai run by the China Institute and the Confucius Institute. It reminded me that learning or teaching a language really is a never ending story. Sometimes that’s a blessing, and sometimes it’s a curse.

Working on Webinars (and Slacking on Blogging)

I already predicted this was going to happen: I start a 30-day challenge and fall of the wagon after day four. Story of my life. But that’s not important. Important is that I’ve climbed back on. And with a good excuse: I was very busy. Working, that is. We are setting up a catalog of online webinars related to China education: teaching about China, teaching Chinese, communicating with Chinese students, educators, and administrators, and much more. This involves getting used to, and learning how to operate, an entire new range of software and online meeting programs. It also involves making (very silly) mistakes and learning from them (for example, sign up your presenter first, before you announce your webinar publicly and it fills up…). We are learning as we go, getting better as we go, and having fun as we go too! Ideas are brewing and bubbling here at Berkshire/ChinaConnectU, and we are excited about this new digital way of spreading our materials, sharing our knowledge, and connecting to you. If you have ideas or suggestions for a topic that you would like to have us discuss, make sure to drop us a line, here at the blog, or at info@chinaconnectu.com. And stay tuned for a full webinar schedule that we will publish soon!

This wasn’t the topic of number 19 of the 31-day business blog topics list, because that was learning about the basics of storytelling and using it to tell a story. I am interested in that, and might do that next time. But not at 6 PM. Then, all I’m interested in is dinner.

Day Four: March Month of What?

March is the month of many things, some you may be familiar with, others might be new. The “31 business blog tips” list suggested you choose one of these events or days that is somehow related to your business, and write about. As you might know by now, choosing is not one of my strong points, so here is a (funny) attempt to make them all somehow relevant to what we are doing at ChinaConnectU!

  • National Nutrition Month. My personal favorite. I LOVE food (the good and the bad…) At ChinaConnectU, we also love good food! Check out our Chinese food center with images, recipes, and book reviews that will make you hungry!
  • National Reading Day (2 March). Easy, we are, after all, a publishing company. Reading is education, and education is reading. They should make this an entire month, not just a day! Curious what the Chinese like to read?  Check out our article on Chinese literature here.
  • Learn from Lei Feng day. Ok. This one may need some explanation for some people. Lei Feng (1940-1962) was a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army in China. He died young, and has since become the example of a model citizen, who was praised for his selflessness and modesty. There have been many debates about how much of Lei Feng’s story is actually true, whether or not that matters, and how his life and legacy are an example of historical, political, and social tendencies.
  • International Women’s Day (8 March). And this one shouldn’t need ANY explanation. As with National Reading Day, I think everyday should be International Women’s Day (yes, i’m very biased here).
  • World Math Days (6 March) & Pi Day (14 March). Read my posts on Counting in Chinese, and using movies by Ang Lee for educational purposese
  • Saint Patrick’s Day (17 March). Ok. I’ve thought long and hard, but can’t really find a connection here, except that everybody likes beer, and green is a great color…
  • Earth-Sun Day (18 March). Maybe not so much ChinaConnectU, but Berkshire’s Encyclopedia of Sustainability covers all topics thinkable related to sustainability. I’m sure there’s some article in there about the sun, and perhaps even how the sun influences the earth, which is what this day  is all about. Check the Encyclopedia of Sustainability out for yourself!
  • UN French Language Day (20 March). Quie, tres bien. That’s as far as my knowledge of French goes. We’ll have to wait until 20 April for the UN Chinese Language Day.
  • World Water Day (22 March). See Earth-Sun Day above.

Day Three: What’s in a Name?

A lot. It might be better to ask what isn’t. But that list will be even longer, so let’s start with what is. There’s meaning in a name; cultural, historical, and personal meaning. There’s a message in a name; what is this thing called so-and-so about. There are emotional values and social implications to a name. Names and naming practices vary around the world, something that can be fascinating, confusing, or problematic (I’ll save the topic of international naming conventions for a separate post).

While have little choice over our own names (that honor is bestowed upon our parents, who we like to think have our best interests in mind (except for celebrities, who can give their babies the most outrageous names and seemingly get away with it)), we do have a say in what we name our companies, businesses, and services. The name ChinaConnectU aims to express our desire to create a community that focuses on China-related education of all kinds. To connect people to others, and to teach us all something about the other and ourselves. We added a little word play: U pronounced as “you” (connecting you to China, and China to you), and U to indicate “University.”

We liked the name, the idea behind it, and even how it looked. Funnily enough, we weren’t the only ones who went in this direction. Here are some  other companies and websites with similar names (not be confused with us in the future!):

  • Connected China. A website from Reuters that shows (using nice infographics and illustrations) the political and social networks that define China’s political, social, and institutional power system.
  • China-connect.org. A German webpage about small and medium German companies looking for advice/opportunities to do business in China.
  • Chinaconnectonline. A (Christian) organization that aims to support less-fortunate people in China.

The idea to to connect to China, and to connect China to the world, is one that is very much alive and kicking out there. At ChinaConnectU we are proud to be doing our share of educating and connecting!

 

Day Two: Lantern Riddle Answer

Because this is after all a business blog, i have given myself the liberty not to post on the weekends. So even though it is 4 March, I count this as day two of my 30-day blog challenge. Now, the suggestions on the list I was taking my inspiration from (found here) for day two and three weren’t very interesting for me personally, or for this blog specifically, so I decided to stray from the list, and pick a topic of my own. It so happens that in one of our New Year’s emails last week, I mentioned the tradition of lantern riddles. During the Lantern Festival (the day that marks the end of the two-week long Chinese New Year celebrations), people light lanterns and set off more fireworks. Another tradition is solving lantern riddles. As the name indicates, these are simply riddles written on lanterns. They usually consist of three parts: the riddle, a hint or suggestion, and the answer. Now, Chinese is a great language to play these riddles in, mainly because of the use of homophones (words that sound the same, but have a different meaning). The Chinese lantern riddle I wrote in that email was this one: 春节第一日。 It means “the first day of the Spring festival.” The hint or suggestion was that this was a “character riddle,” and the answer is only one character long: 夫, which means husband or man.

Let me explain this one (as I understand it). A “character riddle” here means that you have to play with the characters in the riddle. So while you might start to think about “what is the first day of the Spring Festival?” and the content of the riddle, you should actually worry about the form of the characters. In this case, 春 (chun, or spring) is your starting point. In this case, the second character of the riddle, 节 (jiē, festival),  is the homophone that holds the key to solving the riddle. Because while this character means festival, jié pronounced in the second tone, means as much as save, to abridge. Reading the riddle in this way will help us solve it as follows:

Take the character 春 and take away the first (top) horizontal line of the character (第一)and the component 日(ri,day).If you strip 春 of those two elements, what you are left with is the character 夫。

While it is almost impossible to translate lantern riddles, you can make similar puzzles in English, for example: “Which building has the most stories?” Answer: “A library.” Here too, we use the homophone character of the word “stories,” meaning both a level of a building and a (non)fictional account.

For more riddles, language tips, proverbs, and vocabulary, visit www.ChinaConnectU.com.

Back tomorrow with day 3 of “write-a-blog-post-every-day-for-a-month”!

FaceToFace in Words

I love 30-day challenges, even though I’m not very good at them (keeping something up, consistently for 30 days). Today is 1 March and I will try again. This month, I will try to post a blog on FaceToFace EVERY SINGLE DAY. And to get that done, I’m using a list of blog topics from a webpage that gives you advice about business blogging. As a new-be in social media land, at least when it comes to business, I need that kind of support. So stick with me, support me, cheer me on, or give me advice! Here goes, day 1.

DAY 1. Make a Wordle.

Well, there you have it: our own FaceToFace Wordle! A Wordle is a “visual” representation of a text, in this case, of all our blog posts on FaceToFace. I’m very happy to see Chinese, Mandarin, learning and education in big, bold letters. I’m also amused by the more random words, such as Tiger (post on Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon), Holland (next to Bejing, but smaller), smog, and the word “big” very small.

Wordle seems like a fun tool to use in a student assignment, for example to analyze a text they wrote, a website, or a class project. Simply drop the text or link in the Wordle webpage, and it will create your very own Wordle that you can adjust, publish, and print.

Ang Lee: Oscar-worthy Teaching Material

I haven’t seen the Oscars (I’m currently in Germany, and didn’t have the fanaticism to stay up until 4 in the morning), nor have I seen many of this year’s winners. So I haven’t seen Ang Lee’s (李安)Life of Pi yet, much to my dismay (and to my even greater dismay it might actually turn out to be rather hard to see it in the original language, since German cinemas and audiences still love their dubbed movies). But I have read the book, by Yann Martel, and I loved it. To be honest, I’m a little bit scared to see the movie, because I’m not sure what to expect from Ang Lee’s adaptation of the book. Since special effects man (a Dutchman!) also won an Oscar, it is to be expected that the visual style of the movie will be spectacular, as the trailer also hints at.

Now, with some directors, you know what to expect, you know what kind of movie you will get. Ang Lee is not that easy to pinpoint (now, film scholars might agree with me, and I’d love to hear their theories and arguments), not in the least because he works (or has worked) within two very different (cinematic) cultures. Known from “Hollywood” movies such as Sense and Sensibility, The Hulk, Brokeback Mountain, and most recently Life of Pi, Ang Lee also introduced many viewers to a whole new genre with his Oscar-winning feature film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (卧虎藏龙). This martial arts drama was one of the early examples of how a traditional Chinese genre merged with Hollywood-like aesthetics.

I have not attended or thought a Chinese film course that did not includeCrouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.While certain criticism of the movie are certainly justified, I personally enjoy the film, so I never mind watching it again, and discussing it over and over. Students usually respond well to the movie, and discussions can center around very specific cinematographic topics, or the larger questions such as identity, globalization, cross-cultural communication, (trans)nationalism and so-forth.

But Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is not just a great movie to watch, or a good start for in-class discussion in Chinese culture, social studies, or international relations classes, it is, together with some of Ang Lee’s earlier films, also a great tool for teaching Mandarin Chinese.One of the harshest criticisms ofCrouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon,most commonly heard among native Chinese speakers, is that the language spoken by the actors is very unnatural. They all speak, or at least attempt to speak, standard Chinese (Mandarin), which makes the movie great for language instruction. The actors, however, come from a range of different countries (Mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore) and, to the ears of native speakers, speak with strong accents. This is obviously less of an issue for language learners (or perhaps a very interesting test: do you hear the difference in the way these people talk).

Three other Ang Lee movies that are great material for language classes are his early Father Knows Best trilogy. Consisting of the movies Pushing Hands (Tuī shǒu 推手), The Wedding Banquet (Xǐyàn 喜宴), and Eat Drink Man Woman (Yǐn shí nán nǚ 饮食男女), the trilogy portrays contemporary family dynamics against the backdrop of Taiwan and the United States. In each of the movies, the father is a somewhat traditional Taiwanese man, who has to come to terms with the changing world around him, and the ways this influences his family. Issues such as individualism, feminism, generation gap, homosexuality, globalization, are all touched upon in these movies. They may not have won Ang Lee an Oscar, but like Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon they provide great material for in-class discussions, and are very suitable for teaching Mandarin Chinese.

Guest Blog: About Being in Kindergarten and Learning Through Song

Stephanie Hunt from Swan NoirStephanie Hunt from Swan Noir shares her experiences with learning Mandarin. She talks about how long it actually takes to master Chinese, and about using music as an alternative method for learning Mandarin.

 

10,000 Hours

They say it takes 10,000 hours of study and practice to truly master a skill, to own it.  Really own it like a runway model during fashion week in Paris, France.

When I started learning Mandarin I was 37. Friends and family found out I was learning Mandarin and they would say almost immediately, “Say something in Chinese!”  or “Are you fluent?”  Or we immediately started discussing Chinese food for some reason. Hmm.

I had to find a way to explain that learning Mandarin would take years, or at least 10,000 hours. I came up with the following explanation for the inquisitive; I would simply say, “I am merely in Kindergarten.”  This statement usually gets a perplexed face but people eventually get it.

Now, back to Kindergarten. Imagine it, a 37 year old woman in a classroom with 5 year olds. Squirming to fit into that small chair, knees in chest. I begin the day learning numbers and the alphabet, equivalent to pinyin and the 4 tones. The 5-year olds surrounding me all watch in wonderment, eyes wide, baffled, curious. Oftentimes I get a look of curiosity from Chinese when I greet them in Mandarin, but what makes it all better is when they start to give me praise for merely trying, even if they know my tones were horrible and are still trying to figure out what I just said!

That was me, circa 2011. Present day, I am still at it. Having Skype lessons from my patient tutor in Shanghai, attending classes here in New York City, and organizing my next Shanghai trip and HSK 3 test. I feel a slight bit or progress, and it feels great, but I have a long way to go. The journey has been a fun, mind blowing, hardest thing I have ever done in my life, yet exhilarating experience!

Da Zhongguo

On a recent month long stay in Shanghai I attended a Adult language school called Mandarin House. I had traveled  to the same school last year and studied in a group class.  This time around I wanted to have private study so I could get the individual attention I felt I needed. Turns out this was a really good idea and I was grateful to have a dynamic teacher.

A great technique that Zhong Laoshi (teacher Zhong) used was learning through music. It happened to be “Golden Week” or National Day holiday during my stay. National Day is 1st October and the Chinese celebrate by having the entire first week of October off to travel and/or spend time with family.

There are several traditional songs and one of them I call my favorite is a song called Da Zhongguo (大中国, big (or great) China). Zhong Laoshi, or Lucy by her American name, noticed that I was growing weary at times when studying. My days were either 6 or 8 hours of intensive study, so she would break up the monotony by having me listen to music. It was a welcome distraction from the text book and also a lot of fun, as we searched for traditional songs and Youku clips on the internet.

Being able to close my eyes and see the characters as I listened to the song was very helpful and a unique way of learning. It was also a cultural lesson as I learned about the different types of Chinese Opera, watched short clips from movies from one of my favorites actresses, Gong Li, and listened to Da Zhongguo by several different artists over and over.

Alternative methods of learning Mandarin, like using music, can be a helpful tool for the Western student. It helps to experience China in a different light and creates a balanced approach to learning.

Global Education

Education is a fascinating, important, and incredibly broad topic. It is something that almost everybody is (and certainly should) be an “experience-expert” in, and most of us have an opinion about some aspect of it. More than any political or economical system, education influences us all in both a mundane and a very profound way. In a successful educational system, we, some more than others, but still, spend many hours of our lives in schools, libraries, extra-curricular courses, and voluntarily participate in all kinds of “adult” education.

Education also has a very interesting bond with culture. Not only are we educated about cultures, our own and others, in the classroom, the general culture of the society we live in is also always present. And then there is the specific “classroom culture.”

Having experienced education in three very different cultures (Holland, China, and the United States), I have seen a lot of differences and similarities, in educational style, student-teacher relationships, content, expectations. And I find it increasingly hard to generalize any of these aspects. There is a lot of talk about education in our global world these days, and many points that are being raised (for example recently in this article from the New York Times) are recognizable to me. Yes, when I was studying in Chinese in China, many of our fellow students from Japan and Korea were extremely diligent, but hardly spoke up in class, while many Europeans, Russians, and Americans would blurt out anything, hardly embarrassed by the many mistakes they would inevitably make. Now, I don’t deny that there is a big difference between educational culture in China and, let’s say, Holland, but even when I studied at Leiden University, I always noticed this strange discrepancy between my own ability to do very well on tests, and get good grades, and classmates of mine, whose Chinese level where certainly above my own, but that just had a harder time doing really well on tests.

And while I was a teaching assistant at the University of Oregon, I taught undergrads from around the world, and let me tell you; cheaters come from around the world. Yes, some Chinese students thought that, just because they were Chinese, a course on Chinese film or literature would be easy for them (they were almost always very disappointed), but I’ve had just as much American business-majors visit my office hours asking “if they could please get an A, because they needed it to get into business school.” (They too usually left disappointed).

So differences like these that present themselves in an educational setting, are both individual and personal, at least that is my opinion. As series like the New York Time’s “The Education Revolution” show, there is a lot of interest in China’s education system. Not only is it the largest in the world, it is also one that has developed from a very distinct historical background through a tumultuous recent 20th century, and most likely one of the most influential factors in defining China’s role on the global stage in the 21st century.

I’ve been thinking about this topic more since i’ve started working at Berkshire, and becoming involved in its many educational projects, like ChinaConnectU. These last few weeks i’ve been working hard at wrapping up our volume Education in China: Educational History, Models, and Initiatives. It covers a lot of the topics I just described, from cultural and historical background, to modern issues, and future expectations. Articles written by experts in the field of Chinese education from the United States, Canada, Europe, and Asia. It will help readers better understand the Chinese education system, the issues that it faces, the students it produces, and the ways in which all these things are relevant to all of us today. Wherever we are, and frankly, whoever we are.